function LE_val = LE_AE(params, y0, T_total, dt, h)
    % LE_AE: 计算最大 Lyapunov 指数，调用 hybridNeuron_AE
    % 输入:
    %   params  - 参数结构体(含 AE)
    %   y0      - 初始状态
    %   T_total - 总模拟时间
    %   dt      - 重新归一化间隔
    %   h       - RK4 步长
    %
    % 输出:
    %   LE_val  - 最大 Lyapunov 指数
    
    delta0 = 1e-6;
    y1 = y0;
    y2 = y0 + [delta0; 0; 0];
    
    num_steps = floor(T_total / dt);
    sum_log = 0;
    time = 0;
    
    for i = 1:num_steps
        tspan = [time, time + dt];
        [~, sol1] = rk4(@(tt,yy) hybridNeuron_AE(tt, yy, params), tspan, y1, h);
        [~, sol2] = rk4(@(tt,yy) hybridNeuron_AE(tt, yy, params), tspan, y2, h);
        y1 = sol1(end,:)';
        y2 = sol2(end,:)';
        
        d = norm(y2 - y1);
        sum_log = sum_log + log(d/delta0);
        
        direction = (y2 - y1)/d;
        y2 = y1 + delta0*direction;
        
        time = time + dt;
    end
    
    LE_val = sum_log / T_total;
end
